Lock construction



Feb. 13, 1951 D. SHAW ET AL LOCK CONSTRUCTION 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 13, 1947 FIGJ.

INVENTORS. DUNCAN SHAW CHARLES SHERWOOD DAYNIEL T. CAH|LL 056w, My W ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 13, 1951 D. SHAW ET AL LOCK CONSTRUCTION 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 13, 1947 INVENTORS. DUNCAN SHAW BY MN, m V W ATTORNEY CHARLES SHERWOOD DANIEL 'l'. CAHILL K I MEK on "v Feb. 13, 1951 D. SHAW ET AL LOCK CONSTRUCTION 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed y 15, 1947 FIG] INVENTORS. DUNCAN S CHARLES SHERWOOD DANIEL T. CAHILL Feb. 13, 1951 SHAW ET AL 2,541,723

LOCK CONSTRUCTION Filed May 15, 1947 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS.

DUNCAN SHAW CHARLES SHERWOOD DP+NIEL T. CAHILL ATTO R N EYS Feb. 13, 1951 SHAW ETAL LOCK CONSTRUCTION 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 13, 1947 FIG.|6.

FIG.|5.

F'IGJY 'IIIIII/l IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/IIIII 62 FIC5.|9.

S R O T N E V N DUNCAN SHAW CHARLES SHERWOOD DANIEL T CAHILL ATTORNE 1951 D. SHAW ETAL LOCK CONSTRUCTION 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed May 15, 1947 FIG.2I.

INVENTORS. 'DUNCAN SHAW CHARLES SHERWOOD DANIEL T CAHILL ATTORN Feb. 13, 1951 D. SHAW ETAL 2,541,723

LOCK CONSTRUCTION 7 Filed May 13, 1947 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTORS.

DUNCAN SHAW CHARLES SHERWOOD DANIEL T. CAHILL ATTORN E YS.

Feb. 13, 1951 D. SHAW ET AL ,72

LOCK CONSTRUCTION Filed May 15, 1947 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 6/ 1/4 T v w Maw 12/ @W (I No :5 I 1 u 69 um'h I ig ia II 7 55%. H4 I I I20 [07 I I! 66 INVENTORS. DUNCAN SHAW CHARLES SHERWOOD DANIEL T. CAHILL BY M Mv ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 13, 1951 LOCK CONSTRUCTION Duncan Shaw, Haworth, N. 5., Charles Sherwood, Old Greenwich, Conn., and Daniel '1. Cahill, Huntington Station, N. Y. assignors to Duncan Shaw Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation oi New York Application May 13, 1947, Serial No. 747,668

22 Claims.

This invention relates to locking devices and more particularly to a lock for a door or the like. The operating mechanism of most conventional door locks customarily includes various types ofleveror cam and follower systems to connect the door knob and the door bolt so that the bolt may be retracted when the knob is turned in either direction. Such door knobs also frequently include a key-operated'mechanism comprising a key-operable rotatable cylinder which when rotated in one' direction locks the door knob or the bolt, or in some cases both. Here again lever or cam systems are usually employed to provide the operating connection between the key cylinder and the door bolt or knob.

Such lever or cam and follower systems frequntly include a-number of small and accordingly relatively fragile parts that are not only difiicult to manufacture inexpensively, but also complicate assembly and repair procedures. Thus, for'example, in several well-known door looks a rather complicated lever and cam system is utilized. This system comprises a number of operating elements which are first rough cast and then delivered in that condition to an assembler, a skilled handcraftman, who must handfile the individual pieces until he can fit them together as an operating assembly. This, of course, inevitably leads to extremely high production costs, and comprises a production bottleneck.

' Another well-known type of door lock includes a pair of buttons usually located beneath the spring bolt, one of the buttons being depressible to lock one of the knobs against keyless operation, the other button being provided to release the knob lock and restore the first button to unlocked position. One objectionable feature of this type of lock lies in the fact that only one of-the knobs (almost always the outer one) is locked against rotation so that the inner one remains readily rotatable. Thus a person using the door as an exit has no way of knowing the condition of the look without looking at the buttons, or testing the outer knob, and it frequentl occurs, particularly when the individual is in a hurry, that he inadvertently locks himself out quite a nuisance when he has forgotten his key. Another objection to this type, as well as to the other types of locks, is that they are not universal, i/e; they are either right-hand or left-hand sets, and must therefore be installed accordingly. Hence, a dealer has to stock both kinds to satisfy buildersrequirements. 1 -When it is borne in mind that modern building'requirements; in many instances, specify doors thatgareaof the order of one and .three-eighths 2 inch thick, it will be realized that the mortising of such a door a sufiicient amount to receive a conventional lockset mechanism leaves but little wood on opposite sides of the mortise, due to the thickness of such mechanism and the necessity of embedding it within the door. This, of course, greatly weakens the door and occasionally results in irreparable damage thereto where the installation is done in an unskilled or careless manner. Indeed, one of the reasons for the excessive thickness of oflice, apartment and dwelling doors is the bulkiness of the lock mechanisms which must be installed therein. In this connection it might be well to note that in mortise type locksets, the pin tumbler mechanism is customarily threaded into the lock casing which is mortised into the door. -This necessitates hollowing out the door in the region of the cylinder, accordingly further weakening and possibly defacing the door.

In many instances, it would be quite satisfactory, and indeed desirable, to use doors one inch or less in thickness. Satisfactory materials such as plywood are available and resulting economies in laborof installation as well as materials such as hinges are obvious. Door thicknesses of that order, however, maynot be used where locksets are required, as the commercially available locksets are far too thick to be carried in a door of that thickness. The bulkiness of suchlocksets inevitably results from their characteristic structural features and operating mechanisms which can attain requisite strength and operate only through bulkiness.

It is accordingly among, the objects of this invention to provide a lockset that is simple, in-

expensive and sturdy structurally, which may be readily installed in a door, and which overcomes the aforementioned objections in addition to others in a thoroughly simple and practical manner. n

In accordance with one form of the invention. the lockset includes conventional door knobs, connected as by a squared shaft to a rotatable drum which is attached by a flexible cable to the bolt, so that rotation of either knob in either direction may retract the bolt. Tolock the door knobs against operation, a latch mechanism is provided which may be controlled either by a thumb knob or by a conventional key-operated pin tumbler mechanism. The thumb knob and tumbler cylinder are operatively associated with a drum, to which the opposite ends'of another flexible cable are attached, this cable, in turn, being trained around a latch operating pulley in-such a manner that operation of the thumb knob, on the one h or theem e l n er 9 t eorist e tates the pulley. The pulley, in turn, is connected to a locking hub assembly which coacts with the bolt in such a manner as to preclude movement thereof by either door knob when the latch is set.

More specifically, the lockset take the i1: lustrativefforin, shown 'in', the drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fragment of a door wherein the lockset i installed, this being an outside view thereof;

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure l, but showing the inside of the lockset;

Figure 3 is a substantially enlarged horizontal section of the lockset bolt mechanism and a por; tion of the latching mechanism therefor, taken along the line 33 of Figure 4;

Figure 4 is a view of the bolt and latch mechanism taken generally along'th'e 1111 3 4 13' of Figure 3; this View, however, not being a true section, but rather being an elevation of the bolt a sem y. w th one carer. late. heree rem redr ur 5 is a ver al e t ken, al ng t e e ..5. urel;

F e 6 a v c s c 9 1 aken. a on the. n 5715 f gure. 4i. howin he 15 1 299,, ew tion be w e the do r Knob ha t. and. the. bol operating mechanism;

Fi ure 7 is a ve t cal se t on, ta e lon the. li l f i euret show th r eta l o he, interco e on etween t e door knob sh ft. the bolt pe a i me hanism;

F gure 81s a vertical section ak n alone. the li e 1-51 of F ure 4, showi d ta s of; the be t;

u e 9 is a v rt al sec ion. ken al ng the line 94-9, of Figure 4, showing additional details of the bolt operating mechanism;

Figure 10 is a top plan view, of the bolt and; as: sociated parts;

Figure. 11 is an elevation of the bolt and. 3580'? ciated parts;

Figure 12 is a fragmentary horizontal section similar to Figure 4, but showing, the bolt re; tracted as a result of operation of the door knob;

Figure 13 is an enlarged fragmentary. view, partly in section, illustrating onefmanner of connecting the bolt operating. cable with the bolt;

Figure 14 is a view similar to Figure 12, but showing the bolt retracted as a result of forcing the door closed without turning the doorknob;

Figure 15 1s a fragmentary section taken along the line l.5'l5'of Figure 3, and showing the latch mechanism in latching positionjf Figure 16 is a view similar to Figure 15, but showing the latch mechanism in disengagedcondition;""

"Figure 17' is a fragmentary section taken along the line ll"ll of Figure 3, showing. the, latch. mechanism in engaged condition;

Figure '18 is. aview si'mil'ari to Figure 17, but showing the latch mechanism in disengaged condition;

Figure 19 is an exploded perspective view of the huband locking links which comprise the eifective or latching portion of the latch mechanism; Figure 2 isa fragmentar sectional elevation, with portions broken away, showing theoperative connectionbetween the latchin mechanism and the'thumb knob, on the one hand, and the pin tumbler cylinder, on the'other;

Figure 2lisf a fragmentary sectional elevation taken'alongtheline'zl fll orrigr e 2Q;

Figures "22 and '2'3 are fragmentary sections taken alongth'eldinfe' 23-523 of" Figure 2 0} but showing'the partsj'in different operative positions; l Figure 24 is an exploded fragmentary perspective view of a modified form of latching mechanism;

Figure 25 is a fragmentary perspective View of the latching mechanism of Figure 24 in locked condition:

Figure 26 is a View similar to Figure 25, but

showing the latch mechanism in unlocked condit Figure 27 is a fragmentary sectional elevation takeri along the line 2l21 of Figure 28, showing the relationship of the elements of the latch mechanism shown in Figures 24-26;

Figure 28 is'ahorizontal section taken along the line 2828 of Figure 27, showing the latch mechanism in' locked condition;

Figure 29 is a view similar to Figure 28, but showing the latch mechanism in unlocked condition; and,

Figure 30 is a fragmentary sectional elevation, taken along the line 3E 3lof Figure 23.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the various views ofthe draw mgs.

Referring first to Figures 1 and 2, the lockset is shown installed in a portion of a door 48, the outside of the lockset being shown in Figure 1, while Figure 2 shows the inside thereof. Thus, in general, the lockset comprises an outer knob M, a key-operable pin tumbler cylinder 42, a bolt 63, an escutcheon plate 654; (Figure 2), an innerknob, 45, and a thumb knob, 46, When the lockset is unlocked, bolt e3 may be retracted by rotating either of knobs Al or 45 in either direction. Both knobs may be locked when cylinder 42 is rotated by the proper key, or when thumb knob 35 is rotated. As will appear hereinafter, bolt 43 is retractable by operation of either knob, or upon forcibly closing the door.

Bolt and bolt operating mechanism (Figures 3-14 and 20) As shown in Figures 3 and 4, bolt 33 is a part ofan assembly which'includes a housing comprising side plates 18 and 49', a front plate 50 and a scalp plate 5|, the scalp and front plates adapted to be secured to the edge of door 40 as by screws 52 (Figure 1). Plates 48 and 49 (Figure 3) include guide sections 28a and tea, which form a chamber 53 within which bolt 43 is slidably received when the bolt is retracted. The inner end of bolt 43 is secured in any suitable manner to the outer end of a tailpiece 54, which extends rearw'ardly from the bolt through chamber 53 between crimped portions'55 and 56 (see Figure 8) of platesfi and ii), respectively The inner surfaces of'these crimped portions accordingly comprise a slideway for the inner end of the tailpiece. Intermediate crimped "portions 55 and 56 of plates 48 and were so formed as toinclude arcuate sections 57 and 58, which comprise a cylinder within which one end59a of a spring 59 is received. The other end 59b of this spring (see Figure 4) encircles a lug 60 projecting into a hollowed out portion 54a, of tailpiece 54. Thus the right-hand end 590, of spring 59 is seated or anchored in the lock plates under compression, to bias tailpiece 54', and accordingly bolt 43, to the left.

Referring to Figure 11, the right-hand end portion of tailpiece 54 which incidently may be a sheet metal stamping, is bifurcated, and accordingly includes a pair of spaced fingers BI and 62 which, as shown in Figure 10, lie 'in' a plane that is spaced from but parallel to the left-hand end portion of the tailpiece. Integrally formed with the tailpiece are a pair of cable anchoring lugs 63 and s4. Fingers GI and 62 (see Figures having an outside diameter of the order of .032,

made up of a plurality of individual strands of .005 diameter wire, so arranged that the cable has little elasticity, but yet great tensile strength and flexibility; this permits indefinite flexing about drum 65, without harm or breakage. This type of connector cable is preferred over a link belt or conventional stranded wire Which does'not stand up in use. I

As is better shown in Figure 6, drum 66 is preferably an assembly of three sheet metal pieces, comprising end sections H1 and H and a center section 12, the end sections being flanged to provide thedrum walls 6'! and 68. Housing side plates 48 and 49 are annularly shouldered as at 1'3 and '54, respectively,to provide bearings for the outer edges of drum sections H and Hi; this holds the drum in assembled condition when the side plates are secured together. Center section i2 includes a bifurcated lug (Figure '7) through which cable 69 passes andto which iti's looked as by locking rings 15 and TL. Swaged or otherwise attached to the cable on opposite sides of lug '15. It may accordingly be seen that when drum 65 is rotated in either direction, cable 69 is correspondingly drawn.

With reference to Figure 4, cable ends 69a and 6% pass respectively through tailpiece anchor lugs 63 and 64, and have fastened to their ends ball-like elements 18 and 19'. Interposed between ball 18 and lug 63 is compression spring 80, a similar spring 8! being disposed between ball "I?! and lug 64 on the other cable end As shown in Figure 13, a sleeve 82 lies between ball 18 and lug 63, thus forming a positive stop which'limit's movement of the ball toward lug 63. Sleeve 82 is longer than spring 89 when fully compressed so that the spring may never reach full compression:

continued full compression in use may seriously damage the spring over a period of use. A similar sleeve 83 (Figure 4) is located for a similar purpose between ball 19 and lug 64.

It may now be seen, with reference to Figure 12, that when shaftfifs is rotated by either door knob in a clockwise direction cable end '59:; is drawn to the r ht So that ball 18, acting through sleeve 82 against lug 63, draws tailpiece 5 to the right against the pressure of spring 5% and accordingly retracts bolt 43 into the assembly. At the same time, end 6912 of the cable is pushed to the left by the action of spring 8! expanding against ball 79, so that this cable end and spring assume the position shown when the bolt is retracted. It will, of course, be clear that rotation of shaft 65 in the opposite direction will attain the same results, except that the relative positions of the cable ends and their associated parts will be opposite to that shown.

Each of the drum walls 67 and 68 has angularly spaced shoulders to preclude rotation of drum beyond desired limits in either direction of operation. Thus drum Wall 68 includes shoulders 58a and 63?), (Figures 4, 12 and 13) which abut respectively against the opposite sides of a lug 84 formed on tailpiece 54. More specifically the clockwise limit of rotation of shaft 65 is determined by engagement of shoulder 681) with the lug 84, while the counterclockwise limit of rotation is determined by engagement of shoulder 68a. with lug 84. By thus positively limiting rotation of the drum, the danger of jamming or otherwise damaging the bolt mechanism is precluded. Also stress on the cable, greater than that necessary to withdraw the latch bolt, is precluded. As pointed out hereinbefore, bolt 43 may retract fully (see Figure 14) without turning either door knob, for example, when the door is forcibly closed or slammed. Under such circumstances, pressure is exerted on the outer end of bolt 43 which, of course, forces tailpiece 54 to the right, carrying with it lugs 63 and 64. As these lugs move to the right, springs and 8! expand, cable 69 however, remaining stationary. Thus ends 69a and 69b extend from the lugs 63 and 64 a considerable distance but are held stiff and straight by the springs 89 and 5!. Accordingly, whenever the bolt is retracted the free end or ends of the cable will be held extended and thus clear of any moving parts upon further operation.

From the above, it will now appear that the bolt and its operating mechanism are character,- izcd by such structural simplicity as to permit manufacture of the several parts by mass production techniques. Also, the nature of the parts permits easy and rapid assembly by relatively unskilled personnel. At the same time, the bolt assembly as a unit has great structural rigidity, is easily installed in the door, and is completely devoid of complex cam and lever systems which might otherwise prevent prolonged, dependable operation. Furthermore, through utilizationof the narrow drum and cable connection between door knob shaft 65 and the tailpiece 54, the bolt assembly may be kept down to minimum thickness, which permits the assembly to be embedded within a door without removing such a large amount of the door material as would weaken it. Indeed, in practice, the bolt assembly may be readily installed in a V hole in a 1% door,

thus leaving of door material on each side of the mortise. Obviously thinner doors may be utilized with highly satisfactory results. Furthermore, as the casing of the bolt assembly' is generally cylindrical, the mortising operation is greatly simplified.

Locking hub assembly (Figures 3-5, 15-20) For many installations, the bolt and bolt operating mechanism heretofore described is' useful alone, i. e. wherever it is unnecessary to provide a lockable door. Where, however, it is necessary or desirable to lock the door a mechanism which will hereinafter be referred to as the looking hub assembly to lock the bolt and the knob must be included, as will now be described.

As shown in Figure 3, the walls of casing sides .48 and ii! are cupped as at llEiand 86, respectively, to form bearing recesses, adapted to ireceive the ends 8? and 38 of a hub, generallyindicated at 89.. The-hub ends are connected by a, shaft 9b, which is eccentrically related to the hub ends, and which carries a pair of locking links 9| and 92. As is more clearly shown in Figure 19, link 92, which will be hereinafter referred to as the tailpiece locking link, is generally U-shaped and accordingly includes atop '93 having a downstruck lip 94 and side walls 95 and 9B. These walls are respectively horizontally slotted as at 91 and 98, which slots receive the 7v eccentric shaft 9!)v of hub 89. Link e2, hereinafter referredto as the drum locking link, is also Urshaped, accordingly including an end wall 99 and; projecting side walls its and ifii, the side Walls being vertically slotted respectively at 562 and It3-to receive hub shaft 99.. When the two locking links 9i and 92 are assembled with hub 8-9, link sides Iiili and i! embrace sides 85 and 9% of the other link, while shaft 923 of the hub extends through the slots in both links, thus supporting the two links in the operative position shown in Figure 3 between side plates l8 and 48.

In Figures thru 18, we have shown the elements of the locking hub assembly, namely the locking links, in their different operative relation with. respect to the bolt mechanism. Thus inFigure 15, hub 89 is shown rotated clockwise from its Figure 16 position a sufficient amount to move locking links 95 and 92 into their locking positions relative to finger 6i of the bolt assembly and to drum lid of the bolt operating mech anism. As the hub so moves, its eccentric shaft portion 96 working in the vertical slots I52 and I03:of link 92 moves this link to the left until its side wall 99 engages a flat Hi l on drum 66. This interengagement between side wall 29 and drum 66 not only precludes rotation of the drum, but also prevents further movement of the link and accordingly continued rotation of the hub which would disengage the assembly. Also, dur ing this movement of the hub, its eccentric shaft 90, working in the horizontal slots SI and 93 of link 9|, raises this link from the Figure 18 to the Figure 17 position wherein the link lip 9% is lodged against the end of tailpiece finger 6!, thus precluding movement of finger (ii and accordingly the tailpiece and bolt to the right. The locking links may, of course, be moved from their latching position by reverse operation of hub 85%.

These movements of hub 89 are effected by a key IE5 or the like (Figure 3) which is received in a slot IE5 in hub 89, and which is driven in a manner that will be hereinafter described.

In Figures 24-30, we have shown a modified form of our locking hub assembly. Thus, as shown in Figure 28, casing sides 68 and d9 journal a hub, generally indicated at IEiI, which has formed intermediate the ends thereof (see Figure 24) a cam plate W8 provided with lobes I95,

III] and III (see Figures 27 and 29). hand end IIi'Ia (Figure 24) of hub I51, which is received in bearing 55 of side plate :33, extends through an opening H2 formed in a cam follower locking plate, generally indicated at H3.

Plate H3 is provided with follower lobes iI l and I I5, which coact respectively with cam lobes III and H0. Plate I I3 also includes projections I I6 and I I? adapted, respectively, to lie and rock in grooves H6 and IIS pressed in. casing side 42%- on opposite sides of bearing 85. Thus when the hub I91, plate H3 and the opposite casing sides are assembled, plate H3 is pivotable relative to side 48 about its projections IIG and Ill.

Plate II3 also includes a transverse locking bar I 20, at the opposite ends of which are formed locking shoulders I2I and I22 (see Figure 27). Looking bar I24) is adapted to coact with flat H34 on drum 66 (Figure 28) while shoulders IZI and I22 are adapted, respectively, to lodge against tailpiece fingers GI and 62 (Figure 27) to lock the .drum and fingers, and accordingly the bolt and its operating mechanism against operation.

This locking hub assembly is operated in a manner that will now be described. In Figure 28. the several parts of the mechanism are shown The right- I in. locked position, these. parts being shown in unlocked position. in Figure 29. Thus, starting from the Figure 29 position, hub It? may be rocked clockwise, as viewed in Figure 27, by key ")5, which is slidably received in a slot in the hub. As the hub so rotates, its cam Hi8 rotates with it and effects engagement between cam lobe III and follower lobe H4. This rocks locking plate I I3 clockwise about its pivots 5 I6 and I IT to the Figure 28 position, wherein bar I is lodged against flat I04 of drum 66, and wherein shoulders IZI and I22 (see also Figure 27) are moved to a position adjacent the free ends of tailpiece fingers GI and 62. Thus the fingers and drum are held against movement. At the same time (see Figure follower lobe H5 is moved into the path of cam lobe I89, precluding further movement of the locking plate H3 and accordingly of the cam plate H38 and hub I01; this prevents overriding of the cam and consequent unlocking of the latch.

When it is desired to unlock the locking hub assembly, hub I9? is rotated counterclockwise, as viewed in Figure 27, which movement disengages cam lobe III (see Figures 28 and 29) from follower lobe H4 and engages cam. lobe III] (Figure 29) with follower lobe H5, thus to rock looking plate H3 counterclockwise about its pivot to the Figure 29 position. When the locking plate is in this position, its bar I20 is removed from fiat I84 of drum 56, and its locking shoulders IZI and I22 are moved away from the free ends of tailpiece fingers BI and 62, thus to permit rotation of the drum and movement of the fingers and accordingly the tailpiece and bolt. It should also be noted that this counterclockwise rocking of locking plate II3 moves its lobe lid to the Figure 29 position, where it is interposed into the path of continued movement of cam lobe I89 (see Figures 25 and 26). Thus follower lobe II I conveniently provides a stop which precludes excessive counterclockwise movement of hub IU'I, which might otherwise relock the assembly.

From the foregoing it may now be seen that either of the locking hub assemblies comprises a part of the latch bolt assembly as shown, for example, in Figures 3 and 4, and is of such a nature as to be easily included therein during the assembly operation. Furthermore, by virtue of the inclusion of the locking hub assembly in the latch bolt assembly, both the bolt and its operating mechanism and the locking hub assembly are installable as a unitary assembly when the lockset is fitted to the door. While the looking hub assembly operating mechanism, which will be described hereinafter, is adapted for a lockset including a pin tumbler type lock, it should be noted that the operating key I85, as shown in Figure 20, may be detachably connectable with an operating lever which may alternatively take the form of lever I23 (Figure 2) rotatably mounted on escutcheon plate or rose for locking doors to bedrooms, bathrooms or other doors requiring no pin tumbler application. Where this type of lever is us d, of course, thumb knob 46 may be dispensed with and it will therefore be understood that the lockset customarily does not include both the thumb knob and the lever.

Locking hub assembly operating mechanism (Figures 20-23) Where the locking hub assembly heretofore described is to be used in conjunction with a pin tumbler or. other type of key-operated lock, we

mounted in the lower part of space I54,

adapted to carry a flexible steel cable, similar to cable 69, trained thereabout and fastened thereto. The ends I2'Ia and I2'Ib are secured in any suitable manner, as Within a slot I24a, to drum I24, and each of pulleys I25 and I26 carries one turn of the cable, these turns of the cable being respectively fastened to the pulleys as by clips I28 and I29. Thus it follows that as drum I24 is rotated in one direction or another, each of the pulleys is constrained to rotate accordingly.

As noted hereinbefore, it is one of the objects of our invention to provide a universally applicable lockset, i. e. one that may be applied either to a right-hand or a left-hand door. In our illustrative embodiment of the lockset, we have shown what might be termed a left-hand lockset. In this type of lockset, accordingly, pulley I25 (Figure 21) is employed to operate the locking hub assembly while pulley I26 merely idles. Thus pulley I25 has holes I35 and I3I formed therein which respectively receive the bifurcated ends I32 and I33 of key I55 (see Figure 20). It will now appear that as drum I24 is rotated in one direction or another, pulley I25 is driven accordingly to rock key I55. This movement of the key, of course, locks or unlocks the locking hub assembly, as hereinbefore described, and accordingly locks or unlocks the door knob shaft and bolt. When the lockset is to be oppositely applied, 1. e. to a right-hand door pulley, pulley I25 is the operative pulley while pulley I25 idles. Thus the key I (Figure 20) is inserted in whichever pulley I25 or I26 is required by the brand of the door.

As shown in Figure 20, drum I24 and pulleys I25 and I25 (pulley I25 only is shown in this figure) are disposed in a space I34 provided there- I40 formed between drum I24 and bearing I37.

Each of the pulleys I25 and I25 is rotatably Thus pulley I25 includes a journal I4I adapted to be received and rotate in a hole I42 formed in rear escutcheon plate I35, the left-hand flange I43 of this pulley bearing against the outer surface of th rear escutcheon plate. The right-hand flange I44 of pulley I25 rests against the inside of front escutcheon plate 44 when the two plates are fastened together, thus to rotatably retain pulley I25 in proper operative position therebetween. Pulley I25 (Figure 21) is similarly mounted between the two escutcheon plates. Both escutcheon plates and their contained mechanism are secured to the side of door 45, as by screws I45 (Figure 2) Door 40 (Figure 20) has a hole I45 out therethrough, and this hole receives a key-operated locking cylinder, generally indicated at ML of the pin tumbler type. Thus lock I41 includes a barrel I48, the rear wall I49 of which threadably receives a retaining screw I50 which extends through and heads against a retainer plate I5| having a reentrant portion I52 Which is received in hole I46, and a flange I53 which rests against the door side. Thus cylinder I II is securely mounted in door 45. Preferably a suitably flanged cylinder collar I54 is interposed between the front side of barrel I48 and the adjacent door side, but if desired the cylinder barrel and/or its cylinder collar may be received wiihin door 40 so that the outer surfaces of the cylinder and door are flush.

Cylinder I4? includes a pin tumbler cylinder plug I55 which, when the proper key is inserted in a keyhole I56 may be rotated relative to barrel I43, accordingly to rotate a tailpiece I5'I or the like secured to the cylinder. This tailpiece extends through holes I53 and I59 formed, respectively, in retainer plate I'5I and rear escutcheon plate I35, and passes through a slot I65 formed in a sector dog It I, which is provided with an instruck lug I52. This sector dog is generally cup-shaped and fits over the inner end of cable drum I24 50 that its instruck lug I62 may ride in an arcuate slot I63 formed in the periphery of the drum. This slot is better shown in Figures 22 and 23.

SlotI53 is not completely annular, and accordingly includes a limit or stop shoulder I 64 at one end, and a similar stop IE5 at the other. Thus lug I52 may move in slot I53 relative to stops I64 and I65 when the key in cylinder I4? is turned while the reverse action takes place upon turning of thumb knob 46. It may then be seen that when the locking hub assembly operating mechanism is being operated by a key in look I41, rotation of cylinder plug I55 rotates tailpiece I51 and accordingly sector dog IIiI until its lug I62 engages either of stops I64 or I55 in drum groove I53. Continued rotation of the sector dog by the key accordingly rotates drum I24, and thereby operates the locking hub assembly operating mechanism in the manner hereinbefore described.

If, on the other hand, the locking hub assembly operating the mechanism i operated by thumb knob 45, the knob can be rotated in one direction or the other until one or the other of its stops I64 or I65 engages lug I62. Thus it folloWs that the locking hub assembly operating mechanism can be operated by thumb knob 46 independently of key lock I42, whereas operation of this mechanism by a key also rotates thumb knob 46, by reason of its interconnection therewith by cable drum I24.

From the foregoing it may now be seen that practically all of the operating parts of both the latch bolt and the locking hub assembly and of the operating mechanisms therefor, are simple castings of the type that need little or no machining, or are simple sheet metal stampings, the various parts being so related operatively and coacting in such a manner as to preclude the necessity of precision machining to fine tolerances. Furthermore, these several parts may be readily and rapidly assembled in accordance with mass production techniques without the necessity of nicely fitting any of them, or of resorting to machine Work or handcraftmanship to make the parts fit. It might also be well to note that it is only necessary to drill three holes in the door to accommodate the different assemblies namely, a hole for the reception of the latch bolt and locking hub assembly, a hole transverse tc this one for the reception of the door knob shaft,

and hole I 13 for the reception of the pin tumbler cylinder and its associated parts. Thus the necessity of cutting a large mortise in the door is precluded, as the interconnection between the pin tumbler cylinder and the thumb knob, on the one hand, and the locking hub assembly on the other, is effected by a few simple, compact parts which may be readily carried on th outside of the door under the escutcheon plate.

It accordingly follows that we have provided a lockset that attains the several objects set forth hereinbefore in a thoroughly practical and efficient manner.

As many possible embodiments may be made of the above invention, and as many changes may be made in the embodiments above set forth without departing from the scope thereof, it is to be understood that all matter hereinabove set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.

We claim:

1. In a lockset, in combination, an elongated housing adapted to be received in a mortise or the like in a door, a bolt slidably mounted in one end of said housing and movable between extended and retracted positions, a locking hub assembly mounted in the other end of said housing and movable between locking and unlocking positions, an elongated bolt moving member disposed within said housing and secured at one end to said bolt, the other end of said member lying adjacent said assembly when said bolt is in extended position, means for moving said assembly to its locking position wherein it lies in the path of retracting movement of said member, thereby to preclude retraction of said bolt, a bolt retracting element rotatably mounted in said housing, flexible means to connect said element with said member whereby rotation of said element retracts said member and accordingly said bolt, and means on said retracting element operatively associated with said assembly to be locked againstmovement thereby when the assembly is moved to its locking position whereby said assembly is operable' to lock both said bolt moving member and said bolt retracting element.

2. A lockset in accordance with claim 1, where'- in said locking hub assembly includes abutment means and the means for moving the assembly includes a rotatable member and. cooperating formations on said abutment means and said rotatable member, whereby rotation of said rotatable member in one direction efiects movement of said abutment means into locking position in relation to said bolt moving member and said bolt retracting element, movement of said rotatable member in the opposite direction effecting movement of said abutment means to unlocking position.

3. A lockset in accordance with claim 1, wherein the locking hub assembly comprises a pair of links, and the means for moving the assembly includes a rotatable eccentric member, said links respectively having angularly displaced slots formed therein through which said eccentric member extends to support the links, and Whereby rotation of said eccentric member in one direction moves said links along angularly displaced paths into their locking positions relative to said bolt moving member and to said bolt retracting element.

4. A latch bolt assembly for a lockset comprising, in combination, a generally cylindrical housing comprising a pair of stamped sheet metal side members, said members having juxtaposed fla-t side walls at one end thereof forming a guideway for a bolt, a bolt slidably mounted between said flat side walls, a bolt operating element movably mounted in said housing near the other end thereof, and a flat elongated connection member disposed within said housing between said bolt and said operating element, said member being attached to said bolt and operatively connected to said element so as to retract said bolt when said element is moved, said side members including juxtaposed crimped portions intermediate their ends having opposed flat surfaces forming bearings and guideways for the opposite faces of said fiat connection member.

5. A latch bolt assembly for a lockset comprising, in combination, a generally cylindrical housing comprising a pair of stamped sheet metal side members, said members having juxtaposed flat side walls at one end thereof forming guideways for a bolt, a bolt slidably mounted between said flat side walls, a bolt operating element movably mounted in,said housing near the other end thereof, a flat elongated connection member disposed within said housing between. said bolt and said operating element, said member being attached to said bolt and operatively connected to said element so as to retract said bolt when said element is moved, said side members including juxtaposed crimped portions intermediate their ends having opposed fiat surfaces forming bearings and guideways for the opposite faces of said flat connection member, and a spring associated with said connection member for biasing it in one direction, said housing side members being crimped intermediate their ends to form a cylindrical chamber at least partially closed at one end and open at the other for the reception andsupport of said spring.

6. A latch bolt assembly for a lockset comprising, in combination, a generally cylindrical housing comprising a pair of stamped sheet metal side members, said members having juxtaposed flat side walls at one end thereof forming guideways for abolt, a bolt slidably mounted between said flat side walls, a bolt operating element movably mounted in said housing near the other end thereof, and a flat elongated connection member disposed within said housing between said bolt and said operating element, said member being attached to said bolt and operatively connected to said element so as to retract said bolt when said element is moved, said side members including juxtaposed crimped portions intermediate their ends having opposed flat surfaces forming bearings and guideways for the opposite faces Of said fiat connection member, said housing side walls having opposed bearing portions formed therein to mount said bolt operating member.

'7. A latch bolt assembly for a lockset comprising, in combination, a generally cylindrical housing comprising a pair of stamped sleet metal side members, said. members having juxtaposed flat side Walls at one end thereof forming guideways for a bolt, a bolt slidably mounted between said flat side walls, a bolt operating element movably mounted in said housing near the other end thereof, a fiat elongated connection member disposed Within said housing between said bolt and said operating element, said member being attached to said bolt and operatively connected to said element so as to retract said bolt when said element is moved, said side members including juxtaposed crimped portions intermediate their ends having opposed flat surfaces forming bear.- ings and guideways for the opposite faces of said flat connection member, said housing sidewalls having opposed bearing portions formed therein to mount said bolt operating member, and a latch device mounted in the other end of said housing adjacent that end of said elongated connection member which is remote from-said bolt for locking said member and accordingly said bolt, said side members having bearing portions formed therein for mounting said latch device.

8. In a lockset, in combination, a housing, a bolt retractably mounted in said housing, a tailpiece having one end secured to said bolt, a bolt operating member including a drum rotatably mounted in said housing, a flexible element trained around said drum and connected thereto, and means connecting the ends of said flexible element to said tailpiece whereby rotation of said drum in either direction winds a portion of said element on said drum and thereby retracts said tailpiece and accordingly saidbolt.

' '9. A lockset according to claim 8, wherein the ends of said flexible element slidably extend through portions of said tailpiece and have stop members secured to their ends'to limit sliding movement of said flexible element ends relative to said tailpiece in one direction.

10. A lockset according to claim 8, wherein the ends of said flexible element slidably extend through portions ofsaidtailpiece and have stop members secured to their ends to limit sliding movement of said flexible element ends relative to said tailpiece in one direction, and means .disposed between said stop members and said tailpiece for supporting either or both ends of said flexibl element when either or both of said ends remains stationary upon operation of said drum to retract said bolt.

11. A lockset according to claim 8, wherein the ends of said flexible element slidably extend through portions of said tailpiece and have stop members secured to their ends to limit sliding movement of said flexible element ends relative to said tailpiece in one direction, means disposed between said stop members and said tailpiece for supporting either or both ends of said flexible element when either or both of said ends remains stationary upon operation of said drum to retract said bolt, and an element on each end of said flexible element to limit the movement of said stop members toward those portions of said tailpiece which slidably receive said element ends.

12. In a lockset, in combination, a housing, a bolt retractably mounted in said housing, a tailpiece having one end secured to said bolt, a bolt operating member including a drum rotatably mounted in said housing, a flexible element trained around said drum and connected thereto, means connecting the ends of said flexible element to said tailpiece whereby rotation of said drum in either direction winds a, portion of said element on said drum and thereby retracts said tailpiece and accordingly said bo-lt, said drum having a stop shoulder formed thereon, and means on said tailpiece engageable by said stop shoulder upon rotation of said drum and resulting retraction of said tailpiece for limiting rotation of said drum.

13. A locking assembly for a lockset wherein a bolt is mounted for movement between extended and retracted positions, said locking assembly including in combination, means including a rotatable member adopted on rotation in one direction or another to move said member into locking or unlockingv position relative toisaidbolt; a

rotatable drum detachably. connected to. said member, a second rotatable drum, a flexibleelement trained about and connected. to said .drums, and manually operable means for rotating said second drum, thereby to drive said first drum and accordingly said rotatable member to move said means between locking and unlocking positions.

14. A locking assembly for a lockset wherein a bolt is mounted for movementbetween extended and retracted positions, said locking assembly ineluding, in combination, means including a rotatable member adapted on rotation in one direction or another to move said member into looking or unlocking position relative to said bolt, a pair of rotatable drums which may be selectively detachably connected to said member, a third rotatable drum, a flexible element trained about'and connected to said drums, and manually operable means for rotating said second drum whereby one of said pair of drums is driven accordingly to drive that one of said pair of drums which is connected to said member, the other of said pair of drums idling.

15. A locking assembly in accordan'ce..with claim 13 wherein said manually operable means which rotates said second drum includes a key operable device accessible from one side of a door on which the lockset is mounted, and. a thumb knob accessible from the other side of thegdoor, there being an interconnection between the key operable device and the thumb. knob. for permitting operation of the thumb knob independently of the key operable device.

16. A locking assembly in accordance with claim 13 wherein the flexible element comprises a stranded steel cable of great tensile strength but slight elasticity.

17. A locking assembly in accordance with claim 13 wherein said drums are rotatably mounted in a shallow casing adapted to be secured to one side of a door to which the lockset is attached.

18. A lockset in accordance with claim 8, wherein said flexible element comprises a stranded steel cable.

19. In a lockset, in combination, an elongated housing adapted to be received in a mortise or the like in a door, a bolt slidably mounted in one end of said housing and movable between extended and retracted positions, a locking hub assembly mounted in the other end of said housing and movable between locking and unlocking positions, an elongated bolt moving member disposed within said housing and secured at one end to said bolt, the other end of said member lying adjacent said assembly when said bolt is in extended position, means for moving said assembly to its locking position wherein it lies in the path of retracting movement of said member thereby to preclude retraction of said bolt, said locking hub assembly including an abutment member and the means for moving the assembly including a rotatable member, and coacting formations on said abutment member and on said rotatable member for moving said abutment member into locking position relative to said bolt moving member when said rotatable member is turned in one direction, and for moving said abutment member out of locking position when said rotatable member is turned in the other direction.

20. In a lockset, in combination, an elongated housing adapted to be received in a mortise or the like in a door, a bolt slidably mounted in one slider-said housing and movable between ex' tended and retracted positions, a locking hub assembly mounted in the other end of said housing and movable between locking and anl'ocking positions, an elongated bolt moving mem ber disposed within said housing and secured at one end to said bolt, the other end of said member amounted so that when the eccentric member is rotated in one direction said link is moved into locking position, said link being moved to un locking position by said eccentric member upon rotation thereof in the opposite direction,

21. In a lockset, in combination, a housing adapted to be received in a mortise or the like in a door, a bolt slidably mounted in one end of said housing and movable between extended and retracted positions, a locking hub assembly mounted in the other end of said housing and movable between locking and unlocking positions, a bolt moving member disposed Within said housing and secured at one end to said bolt, the other end of said member lying adjacent said assembly when said bolt is in its extended position, means for moving said assembly to its loclo i6 in'g position "wherein its lies in the path of retracting movement of said member, thereby to preclude retraction of said bolt, a rotatable element located at a position remote from said assembly, and means forming a driving connection between said element and said assemb'iy moving means to actuate said assembly moving means when said element is rotated, said assembly moving means including a rotatable part, the axis of said part being spaced from but parallel to the axis of said rotatable element.

22. A lockset in accordance with claim 21, including a pair of selectively manually operable devices connected to said rotatable element for effecting rotation thereof, said devices being located on opposite sides of said lockset.

DUNCAN SHAW.

CHARLES snnawoon.

DANIEL "r. CAHILL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Milligan Aug. 6,

Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,541,723 February 13, 1951 DUNCAN SHAW ET AL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 13, line 7 4, for the word adopted read adapted;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read as corrected above, so that the same may conform to therecord of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 3rd day of July, A. D. 1951.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents. 

